英语语法讲解：中学英语中的比较句型

更新时间:2011-10-03 21:12:24, 采编：学而优家教网

（上海家教）英语学习中的比较句型

一．必须用原级的情况
1. 凡是形容词副词前边有very，rather，too，quite，pretty，so/that,badly,terribly,extremely等修饰时。
not/never..too△==== not/never…△enough再怎么做也不过分。
We can not be too careful in that case
==We can never be careful enough in that case那事再细心也不为过。
One is never too old to learn.活到老学到老。
only too+形容词（ready/glad/willing/ eager）+ to do sth.太想做…了
I am only too eager to see Zhao Zhongxiang.我特别想见赵忠祥。
too△not to do sth.太…而不可能不
You are too wise not to understand me.你太聪明了不可能不明白我。
know better than to do sth.很明事理而不至于…
I think you should know better than to suspect me of doing that.
我想你应该很明事理而不至于怀疑我做那件事吧。
rather too ==kind of ==a bit/a little==slightly稍微有点儿
almost too 简直太…了
eg. You are almost too talented.你太有才了。
almost more than   远远超过   not nearly 远远不及
Though he is almost more than 80 years old, he seems not nearly 50 years old, he is always energetic.
good/fine/ rare + 形容词/副词======very….
He is rare and lazy====he is very lazy.
2. 表示A与B一样...,句型为:
A…as△(原级形容词)asB===A...the same名词(height,size,age) as B
=AB are of the same....
Tom is as tall/old/long as me==Tom is the same height/age/length as me.===Tom and I are of the same height/age/length.
3. A不如B那么…, 句型为:
A…not as (so) ? as B==A…less ? than B
===B… more? than A===A…more▽than B
This story is not so interesting as that one
This story is less interesting than that one.
That story is more interesting than this one
This story is more boring than that one
4. A是B的x倍，应为
A …once/twice/倍数 times as△as B
A…倍数the名词（height/size等）of+B
Tom is six times as tall as Kate===Tom is six times the height of Kate.
5.A 之与B犹如C之对D。
A be to B what/as C be to B或A 及物动词+B what C 及物动词D
You are to me what(just as) water is to fishes
I love you what(as) mice love rice.
还可表示为 Just as (what) water is to fishes, so(或that) is you to me.
二．必须用比较级的句型
比较级的前面可有far，even, a little, rather,much,a great deal,any,still等修饰.   eg.Tom runs much/far/ faster than Kate.
By far修饰单个的比较级必须后置。Eg.Wu Dong is better by far than before.
如果比较级的前面有the,或是the加最高级，by far可放其前面或后面。
如：WuDong is by far the better(或the better by far) of the two boys.
    The shirt is (by)far the best(也可the best by far) of the three ones.
1.A …比较级 than B 表示为“ A比B 更…”
Eg.I am taller than Wang Ping.
在与同范围的事物比较时，注意将本身排除在外
A…比较级than the other (+ 单数名词或one，也可省去)
My left leg is longer than the other (one)
A…比较级than the others（==the other + 名词复数）
He is far taller than the others(=the other students)in his class.
A …比较级than any other +单数名词或名词复数
He is taller than any other student/students in his class.
在与不同范围的事物相比较时，不能再将本身排除在外
Shanghai is much bigger than any city in Japan.
A是B的X倍可表达为   A…X倍数+比较级than B===A …(X +1)倍数 as… as B
This box is twice heavier than that one.
== This box is three times as heavy as that one
2.必须注意同类事物才能进行比较。
This classroom is brighter than the one(代指可数名词也可that)over there
The clothes in this store are cheaper than the ones(代指复数也可用those) in his shop.
The weather in Beijing is colder than that(不可用the one，因为one不能代指不可数名词，只能代指可数名词单数，代指名词复数才用ones)
My pen is easier to use than yours.(不可用you,yours==your pen)
4. A…the(不可以省去)+ 比较级 of the/these/those/one’s   two….
Tom is the taller of those two students.
5. 疑问词… 比较级，A or B?
Which runs faster，a horse or an elephant?
6. the 比较级….the 比较级。意为越…, 越…。
The harder you work , the better result you will get.
7.-er and –er 或者more and more +多音节词
The situation of our country is getting better and better.
Everyone is trying their best to make our country more and more beautiful.
8有些词如superior,junior,senior（年长于）,inferior(次于)，anterior(前面的)，
Posterior（以后的）。
Be superior to==be better than   Be inferior to=be worse than
Be senior to==be older than       Be junior to ====be younger than
9.favarite,excellent,extreme等无比较等级，本身表示最高级的意义
三．最高级的用法
1.A… （the）最高级 of 含all 或名词复数   Tom runs fastest of all his classmates.
                    in 后跟集体名词单数    Lily gets up earliest in her family.
                    Among + 复数名词或代词 Tony is the tallest among us.
2.A …one of the 最高级+名词复数
Paris is one of the most fascinating cities in the world.
3.A…the 序数词 +最高级 +名词
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
4. which /who … the 最高级，A, B or C ?
Which runs the fastest, a horse, a hare or an elephant